Bisque dolls are dolls whose heads are made of unglazed porcelain, also known as biscuit porcelain. The absence of glaze leaves the dolls face with a more realistic, skin-like matte finish. It was not till the 1860s that industrial techniques allowed for the commercial production of doll heads in bisque. These new dolls soon dominated the European market, becoming the most desirable western dolls of the Victorian and Edwardian eras. Bisque dolls were both playthings and incredible works of artistry. The goal was complete realism, and bisque dolls introduced a series of technological and stylistic innovations which transformed dolls forever. Wigs made of real hair or animal fur began to be used in place of the earlier moulded porcelain hairstyles. These could be combed, styled, and infamously, cut! Sleep Eyes were an innovation of Bisque doll design. Realistic glass eyes were installed inside the head attached to a swinging weight. This meant that when the doll was laid on its back, its eyes closed and 'went to sleep'. Open Mouths and realistic teeth appeared for the first time. Some dolls had openings at the back of the head for water to drain, allowing children to 'feed' their dolls from a bottle. The basic style of face used for bisque dolls is known as the Dolly Face. This face has large eyes, a small mouth, and a rather expressionless face. It was meant to represent an ideal image of a Victorian child, and be a 'blank slate' upon which a girl could project her personality. Other dolls, which were made to represent realistic children, often with distinct facial expressions and unique attributes, are called Character Dolls.